Economy
- Working Paper
How CBO Estimated the Effects of the 2025 Reconciliation Act on the Labor Supply: Working Paper 2026-06
CBO describes how it estimated the effects on the labor supply of provisions in the 2025 reconciliation act related to individual income taxes and the Medicaid program.
- Report
Risk Sharing in the Federal Reserve's Emergency Lending Facilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic
CBO describes the role the Federal Reserve plays in stabilizing financial markets during crises and estimates the costs of programs created during the COVID-19 pandemic to provide liquidity and address stress in financial markets.
- Blog Post
CBO's Panel of Economic Advisers, 2026
CBO announces the current members of its Panel of Economic Advisers.
- Cost Estimate
H.R. 940, FAIR Exams Act
As reported by the House Committee on Financial Services on July 25, 2025
- Presentation
How Economists Can Help Inform Economic and Budget Analysis Used by the U.S. Congress
Presentation by Jeffrey Kling and Heidi Williams at the National Tax Association 56th Annual Spring Symposium.
- Report
Answers to Questions for the Record Following a Hearing on The Budget and Economic Outlook: 2026 to 2036
The Subcommittee on Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Growth of the Senate Committee on Finance convened a hearing at which CBO's Director testified. This document provides CBO's answers to questions submitted for the record.
- Presentation
CBO's Conventional Tariff Analysis Model
This slide deck provides an overview of the main model that CBO uses to produce conventional estimates of the budgetary effects of changes in tariffs.
- Presentation
Estimating the Economic Effects of Federal Investment in Research and Development
Presentation about work by Sheila Campbell, Jaeger Nelson, Eli Schrag, Heidi Williams, and Caleb Wroblewski at the NBER Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy and the Economy Conference.
- Interactive
How Changes in Economic Conditions Might Affect the Federal Budget, 2026 to 2036: An Interactive Tool
This tool allows users to define and analyze alternative economic scenarios and see how federal revenues, outlays, and deficits and debt under those scenarios might differ from outcomes in CBO's 10-year budget projections.
- Report
How Changes in Economic Conditions Might Affect the Federal Budget: 2026 to 2036
To show how economic conditions affect its budget projections, CBO analyzed how revenues, outlays, and deficits might change if the values of key economic variables differed from those in the agency's forecast.