Reconciliation

CBO estimates that permanently extending the expanded premium tax credit, nullifying a marketplace final rule, and repealing policies in the 2025 reconciliation act would increase deficits and the number of people with health insurance.

CBO provides details about its latest economic projections through 2028, which reflect several substantial changes in federal policy and economic developments that have occurred this year.

CBO provides information about the effects of P.L. 119-21 (H.R. 1) on health insurance purchased through the ACA marketplaces and on improper receipt of subsidies, and the effects of a final rule published by HHS on marketplace subsidies.

CBO provides information concerning the effects of a potential sequestration in accordance with the Statutory Pay‑As‑You‑Go Act of 2010 that could occur as a result of the enactment of the 2025 reconciliation act (Public Law 119-21).

CBO estimates that as result of P.L. 119-21, resources will decrease for households toward the bottom of the income distribution, whereas resources will increase for households in the middle and toward the top of the income distribution.

CBO's interactive tool allows users to explore how the 2025 reconciliation act (P.L. 119-21) will affect the economic resources available to households grouped on the basis of their income.

Public Law 119-21 as enacted on July 4, 2025

Public Law 119-21 as enacted on July 4, 2025

Building on its earlier analyses and those provided by the staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, CBO published a dynamic estimate of the budgetary effects of H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act.

As passed by the House of Representatives on May 22, 2025

Throughout the reconciliation process, CBO, in collaboration with the staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation, assists the Congress by providing nonpartisan analysis and cost estimates for legislative proposals.