Climate and Environment
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The Long-Term Budget Outlook: 2024 to 2054
The federal budget deficit increases significantly in relation to gross domestic product over the next 30 years, in CBO’s projections, pushing federal debt held by the public far beyond any previously recorded level.
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Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the Manufacturing Sector
CBO provides an overview of greenhouse gas emissions in the manufacturing sector, presents projections of future emissions, and explains how uncertainty about economic conditions, fuel prices, and technology affects those projections.
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Carbon Capture and Storage in the United States
CBO examines the status, federal support, and future potential of carbon capture and storage—a process that removes carbon dioxide from the emissions of power plants and industrial facilities and stores it permanently underground.
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Flood Damage and Federally Backed Mortgages in a Changing Climate
CBO estimates the flood damage homes with federally backed mortgages are expected to face in multiyear periods centered on 2020 and 2050, reflecting the effects of climate change. The agency also analyzes where that damage is concentrated.
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Communities at Risk of Flooding
CBO examines the variation in current and future flood risk across communities with different economic and demographic characteristics.
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The 2023 Long-Term Budget Outlook
The U.S. faces a challenging fiscal outlook in the coming years, according to CBO's projections. Measured as a percentage of GDP, large and sustained deficits lead to high and rising federal debt that exceeds any previously recorded level.
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CBO’s Work Related to Climate Change and Health Care Delivery Systems
In response to a request from Chairman Whitehouse, CBO provides information about its efforts to assess risks posed by climate change and to examine the effects that reforms to health care delivery systems have on costs and health outcomes.
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Emissions of Carbon Dioxide in the Electric Power Sector
CBO describes recent trends in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the electric power sector, changes in how electric power is produced and the reasons for those changes, and expectations for future CO2 emissions in that sector.
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Emissions of Carbon Dioxide in the Transportation Sector
CBO provides an overview of emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2, the most common greenhouse gas) in the transportation sector, describing the sources of and trends in such emissions and projecting their future path.
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Options for Reducing the Deficit, 2023 to 2032--Volume I: Larger Reductions
CBO issues a volume describing 17 policy options that would each reduce the federal budget deficit by more than $300 billion over the next 10 years or, in the case of Social Security options, have a comparably large effect in later decades.