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- Report
CBO describes federal net interest outlays and their projected growth over the coming decade.
- Report
CBO periodically issues a compendium of policy options and their effects on the federal budget. This document provides estimates of the budgetary savings from 83 options that would decrease federal spending or increase federal revenues.
- Report
Between 1995 and 2017, the balance of outstanding federal student loan debt increased from $187 billion to $1.4 trillion (in 2017 dollars). CBO examines factors that contributed to that growth, including changes to student loan policies and how they affected borrowing and repayment.
- Report
When analyzing proposals and programs whose costs depend on whether or not some uncertain variable reaches a specified trigger level, CBO considers a range of possible outcomes and their associated probabilities.
- Report
CBO describes how estimates of the budgetary effects of enacted legislation are recorded and used to meet requirements for budget enforcement under the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010.
- Report
CBO examines how recapitalizing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac through administrative actions would affect such factors as CBO’s budget projections and cash flows between the two enterprises and their shareholders, including the Treasury.
- Working Paper
This paper describes CBO’s methods for estimating the costs of the federal terrorism risk insurance program. It also discusses how estimates of the program’s budgetary effects would differ if they were produced using accrual-based measures rather than cash-based measures.
- Report
CBO discusses choices about revenues and spending that lawmakers face in addressing the shortfall in the Highway Trust Fund as well as options for subsidizing state and local governments’ financing of highway projects.
- Working Paper
Learn how CBO projects the budgetary cost of student loans repaid through income-driven plans. This working paper provides information on the characteristics of borrowers in those plans and on the methods used to project borrowers’ earnings, repayment, and resulting forgiveness.
- Blog Post
CBO discusses its preliminary projections of key economic variables and its preliminary assessments of federal budget deficits and debt through 2021. The amounts include the effects of legislation enacted in response to the pandemic.