Housing Finance

  • Report

    The Risks of Climate Change to the United States in the 21st Century

    CBO assesses how climate change will pose risks to the United States through its effects on economic activity, real estate and financial markets, human health, biodiversity, immigration, and national security.

  • Report

    Options for Reducing the Deficit: 2025 to 2034

    CBO periodically issues a compendium of policy options and their estimated effects on the federal budget. This report presents 76 options for altering spending or revenues to reduce federal budget deficits over the next decade.

  • Presentation

    Climate Change, Disaster Risk, and Homeowner’s Insurance

    Presentation by Sheila Campbell and Evan Herrnstadt, analysts in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies Division, and David Torregrosa, an analyst in CBO’s Financial Analysis Division, at the Mortgage Bankers Association Webinar.

  • Presentation

    Climate Change, Disaster Risk, and Homeowner’s Insurance

    Presentation by Sheila Campbell, an analyst in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies Division, and David Torregrosa, an analyst in CBO’s Financial Analysis Division, on climate change, disaster risk, and homeowner’s insurance.

  • Report

    Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac’s Housing Goals

    CBO analyzes how Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac achieve their housing goals by offering discounts on their standard fees for mortgages that meet the goals’ requirements and charging higher fees for mortgages that do not meet the requirements.

  • Presentation

    Climate Change, Disaster Risk, and Homeowner’s Insurance

    Presentation by Sheila Campbell, an analyst in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies Division, and David Torregrosa, an analyst in CBO’s Financial Analysis Division, at the American Academy of Actuaries Annual Meeting.

  • Report

    Public-Private Risk Sharing in Federal Credit Programs

    CBO examines ways in which the federal government and private entities share the risk involved in various federal credit programs, including those related to home mortgages, small businesses, and project financing.

  • Presentation

    CBO’s Recent Analyses of Climate Change, Flood Damage, and Mortgages

    Presentation by Evan Herrnstadt, an analyst in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies Division, at a First Street Webinar.

  • Report

    Estimates of the Cost of Federal Credit Programs in 2025

    CBO estimates the costs of federal credit programs in 2025 in two ways—following procedures prescribed by the Federal Credit Reform Act and using a fair-value approach, which measures the market value of the government’s obligations.

  • Report

    Climate Change, Disaster Risk, and Homeowner’s Insurance

    CBO analyzes recent changes in property insurance markets and considers alternative insurance products as well as policy approaches to increase the availability and affordability of insurance for homeowners and renters.