Tax Credits
- Report
The Budget and Economic Outlook: 2026 to 2036
In CBO's projections, the federal budget deficit in fiscal year 2026 is $1.9 trillion, and federal debt rises to 120 percent of GDP in 2036. Economic growth strengthens in 2026 and moderates in later years.
- Report
The Distribution of Household Income, 2022
CBO examines the distribution of income—and of the means-tested transfers and federal taxes that affect it—from 1979 to 2022, placing particular emphasis on the distributions in 2022 and how they differed from those in 2019, 2020, and 2021.
- Report
Sensitivity of the Distribution of Household Income to the Treatment of Health Insurance From 1979 to 2021
CBO provides details about how health insurance spending is measured in the agency's Distribution of Household Income report series.
- Report
The Estimated Effects of Enacting Selected Health Coverage Policies on the Federal Budget and on the Number of People With Health Insurance
CBO estimates that permanently extending the expanded premium tax credit, nullifying a marketplace final rule, and repealing policies in the 2025 reconciliation act would increase deficits and the number of people with health insurance.
- Report
Federal Mandatory Spending for Means-Tested Programs and Tax Credits
CBO provides information concerning outlays for the government's major mandatory programs and tax credits that are primarily means-tested and provide assistance to people with relatively low income or few assets.
- Report
The Budget and Economic Outlook: 2025 to 2035
In CBO’s projections, the federal budget deficit is $1.9 trillion this year, and federal debt rises to 118 percent of GDP in 2035. Economic growth slows and inflation declines over the next two years; both remain moderate after 2026.
- Report
Reconciling the Official Poverty Measure and CBO’s Distributional Analysis of Household Income
CBO examines how its method for analyzing the distribution of household income differs from the Census Bureau’s method for calculating the official poverty measure. The most important differences stem from what each method counts as income.
- Report
Options for Reducing the Deficit: 2025 to 2034
CBO periodically issues a compendium of policy options and their estimated effects on the federal budget. This report presents 76 options for altering spending or revenues to reduce federal budget deficits over the next decade.
- Presentation
The Distribution of Household Income in 2021
Presentation by Bilal Habib, an analyst in CBO’s Tax Analysis Division, at the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management Fall Conference.
- Report
The Distribution of Household Income in 2021
New policies implemented by the federal government affected transfers and taxes in 2021. The policies largely benefited lower- and middle-income households. But income inequality still increased, mainly because of realized capital gains.