As ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on May 21, 2025
S. 1626, National Landslide Preparedness Act Reauthorization Act of 2025As ordered reported by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on May 21, 2025 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
By Fiscal Year, Millions of Dollars | 2025 | 2025-2030 | 2025-2035 | ||||||||
Direct Spending (Outlays) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Revenues | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Increase or Decrease (-) in the Deficit | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Spending Subject to Appropriation (Outlays) | 12 | 588 | 901 | ||||||||
Increases net direct spending in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2036? | No | Statutory pay-as-you-go procedures apply? | No | ||||||||
Mandate Effects | |||||||||||
Increases on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2036? | No | Contains intergovernmental mandate? | No | ||||||||
Contains private-sector mandate? | No | ||||||||||
S. 1626 would amend and reauthorize programs established under the National Landslide Preparedness Act. The bill would authorize the appropriation of the following amounts:
- $47 million annually from 2025 through 2030 for the National Landslide Hazards Reduction Program. The authorization for the program expired in 2024. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration allocated roughly $14 million for the program in 2024.
- $40 million each year from 2025 through 2034 for the 3D Elevation Program, a USGS program to acquire high-resolution 3‑dimensional elevation data. The authorization for the program expired at the end of 2024. No funds were allocated for the program in that year.
- $30 million annually from 2026 through 2033 to expand the Federal Priority Streamgage program, a countrywide network of automated stations that monitor the hydrological conditions of rivers and streams. Under current law, $10 million is authorized to be appropriated for that program through 2028.
- $30 million in 2026 for the USGS to establish a water observation system for compiling real-time data on water quality and for forecasting floods and droughts.
CBO assumes that the bill will be enacted near the end of 2025 and that the specified amounts will be provided in each year. Based on historical spending patterns for the programs, CBO estimates that implementing the bill would cost $588 million over the 2025‑2030 period and $317 million after 2030.
The costs of the legislation, detailed in Table 1, fall within budget function 300 (natural resources and environment).
Table 1. Estimated Increases in Spending Subject to Appropriation Under S. 1626 | |||||||||||||
By Fiscal Year, Millions of Dollars |
|||||||||||||
2025 |
2026 |
2027 |
2028 |
2029 |
2030 |
2031 |
2032 |
2033 |
2034 |
2035 |
2025-2030 |
2025-2035 |
|
National Landslide Hazards Reduction Program |
|||||||||||||
Authorization |
47 |
47 |
47 |
47 |
47 |
47 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
282 |
282 |
Estimated Outlays |
6 |
59 |
43 |
44 |
45 |
45 |
19 |
6 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
242 |
271 |
3D Elevation Program |
|||||||||||||
Authorization |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
0 |
240 |
400 |
Estimated Outlays |
6 |
42 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
40 |
28 |
208 |
396 |
Federal Priority Streamgage Program |
|||||||||||||
Authorization |
0 |
20 |
20 |
20 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
30 |
0 |
0 |
120 |
210 |
Estimated Outlays |
0 |
14 |
19 |
19 |
27 |
29 |
29 |
29 |
29 |
8 |
1 |
108 |
204 |
Water Observation System |
|||||||||||||
Authorization |
0 |
30 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
30 |
30 |
Estimated Outlays |
0 |
22 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
30 |
30 |
Total Changes |
|||||||||||||
Authorization |
87 |
137 |
107 |
107 |
117 |
117 |
70 |
70 |
70 |
40 |
0 |
672 |
922 |
Estimated Outlays |
12 |
137 |
109 |
104 |
112 |
114 |
88 |
75 |
72 |
49 |
29 |
588 |
901 |
CBO has revised the estimate we transmitted on July 11, 2025. This revised version corrects spreadsheet errors in the outlay estimates for the National Landslide Hazards Reduction Program and the 3D Elevation Program. Additionally, this estimate incorporates the authorization of appropriations for the Federal Priority Streamgage program and for a water observation system to collect real-time data.
The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Aurora Swanson. The estimate was reviewed by H. Samuel Papenfuss, Deputy Director of Budget Analysis.
Phillip L. Swagel
Director, Congressional Budget Office