H.R. 5815 would prohibit any person from communicating false information regarding any census product and would create new civil penalties for such violations. CBO estimates that enacting H.R. 5815 would have an insignificant effect on direct spending and revenues over the 2023-2032 period. CBO has not estimated the discretionary costs of implementing the bill. The bill contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act.