H.R. 55 would classify the act of lynching as a hate crime. Individuals who violate the bill’s provisions could be subject to criminal fines, so the federal government might collect additional fines under the legislation. Criminal fines are recorded as revenues and deposited in the Crime Victims Fund. Those funds are later spent without further appropriation action, which is classified as direct spending. CBO expects that any additional revenues and associated direct spending would not be significant because few additional cases would probably be affected.