H.R. 2816 would require the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to conduct a one-year pilot program to test veterans who served during the Vietnam era for the hepatitis C virus, regardless of whether those veterans are enrolled in the VA health care system. According to VA, there were about 6 million living veterans in 2019 who served during the Vietnam era (between February 28, 1961, and May 7, 1975). CBO estimates that implementing the bill would increase spending for VA health care by $8 million over the 2020-2025 period; such spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds. The bill also would increase direct spending for Medicare by $16 million over the 2020-2030 period, CBO estimates.