S. 1678 would require the State Department to consult with the Congress before altering bilateral relations between the United States and any country that has changed its relationship with Taiwan. On the basis of information about the department’s ongoing efforts to promote relations between Taiwan and foreign countries, CBO estimates that implementing S. 1678 would cost less than $500,000 over the 2020-2024 period; such spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds.