CBO estimates that implementing H.R. 5437 and H.R. 5446 would have no significant discretionary costs over the 2019-2023 period. In addition, CBO estimates that implementing H.R. 5443 would reduce spending that is subject to appropriation by less than $10 million over the 2019-2023 period because more returns would be filed electronically.
CBO and JCT estimate that enacting H.R. 5437, H.R. 5443, and H.R. 5446 would not affect direct spending. JCT also estimates that enacting H.R. 5446 would have a negligible effect on revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures apply.
CBO and JCT estimate that enacting these bills would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2029.
JCT has reviewed the bills and determined that they contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act.