CBO estimates the costs of federal credit programs in 2026 in two ways—following procedures prescribed by the Federal Credit Reform Act and using a fair-value approach, which measures the market value of the government's obligations.
CBO Blog
CBO examines the distribution of income—and of the means-tested transfers and federal taxes that affect it—from 1979 to 2022, placing particular emphasis on the distributions in 2022 and how they differed from those in 2019, 2020, and 2021.
In its June 2024 projections for fiscal year 2025, CBO underestimated revenues by 6 percent and outlays by 2 percent. The agency overestimated the federal budget deficit by 0.7 percent of GDP.
CBO reports annually on programs whose authorizations of appropriations have already expired or will expire. This data file covers legislation enacted through September 30, 2025. A full report will be issued later this year.
Learn more about CBO's work and its processes in a publication that is typically updated at the start of each Congress or a new session.
In this report, the latest in a quarterly series, CBO highlights its recent publications and summarizes its work in progress.
CBO describes three types of policy approaches to address the ongoing opioid crisis and assesses their effectiveness and likely budgetary effects.
The federal budget deficit totaled $601 billion in the first quarter of fiscal year 2026, the CBO estimates.
CBO provides details about its latest projections of the economy through 2028. Those projections were finalized on December 3, 2025.
In CBO's projections, the U.S. population grows from 349 million people in 2026 to 364 million in 2056, and the average age rises. Starting in 2030, annual deaths exceed annual births, and net immigration accounts for all population growth.