Congressional Budget Office

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Congressional Budget Office

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Science and Research and Development

The federal government provides funding for a wide range of activities related to science and research and development (R&D); federal policies also affect the private sector's incentives to engage in those activities. CBO's work addresses science and R&D in energy, pharmaceuticals, space and ocean exploration, weapon development, climate change, and more.
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Potential Impacts of Climate Change in the United States

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May 4, 2009

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Background Paper: How CBO Estimates the Costs of Reducing Greenhouse-Gas Emissions

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April 24, 2009

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The Budgetary Implications of NASA's Current Plans for Space Exploration

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April 15, 2009


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Flexibility in the Timing of Emission Reductions Under a Cap-and-Trade Program

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March 26, 2009

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The Distributional Consequences of a Cap-and-Trade Program for CO2 Emissions

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March 12, 2009

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The Army's Wireless Communications Programs

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February 12, 2009

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An Analysis of NASA's Plans for Continuing Human Spaceflight After Retiring the Space Shuttle

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November 3, 2008

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U.S. Policy Regarding Pandemic-Influenza Vaccines

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September 15, 2008

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Nuclear Power's Role in Generating Electricity

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May 2, 2008

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Research on the Comparative Effectiveness of Medical Treatments: Issues and Options for an Expanded Federal Role

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December 18, 2007

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