H.R. 5480 would authorize the assistance provided to microenterprises by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) to be expanded to include small and medium-sized enterprises (SME), particularly those owned or managed by women. It also would require the agency to update its monitoring and reporting on that assistance. Finally, it would require the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to report on the agency’s programs for microenterprises and SMEs and require USAID to brief the Congress and report on the implementation of the bill.