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Climate and Environment

CBO analyzes proposed policies for limiting damage resulting from pollution that affects the atmosphere, land, and water resources. Of particular concern to many policymakers are the increasingly large quantities of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, that are being emitted as a result of human activities, and CBO has studied a range of policies for reducing such emissions.

Sub-Topics:

  • Budgetary and Economic Effects of Climate Change Proposals
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H.R. 6190, Asthma Inhalers Relief Act of 2012

cost estimate

August 22, 2012

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H.R. 6194, U.S. Agriculture Sector Relief Act of 2012

cost estimate

August 22, 2012

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Addressing Market Barriers to Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Working Paper 2012-10

working paper

August 23, 2012

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Abstract

A large share of total U.S. energy consumption—40 percent—occurs in homes and buildings. Homes and buildings are less energy efficient than they would be if people could assess the value of energy savings more easily and correctly, and if energy prices provided them with stronger incentives to do so. This paper identifies three reasons why people undervalue energy savings: misperceived energy prices, imperfect information about energy efficiency, and biased reasoning about energy savings. The paper then examines four types of policy options for addressing those underlying market imperfections: prices that reflect the social costs of energy use, financial incentives, energy-efficiency standards, and better information about energy efficiency.


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H.R. 4278, Preserving Rural Resources Act of 2012

cost estimate

August 22, 2012

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S. 710, the Hazardous Waste Electronic Manifest Establishment Act

cost estimate

August 22, 2012

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S. 1956, European Union Emissions Trading Scheme Prohibition Act of 2011

cost estimate

August 1, 2012

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H.R. 3158, Farmers Undertake Environmental Land Stewardship Act

cost estimate

August 1, 2012

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H.R. 4273, the Resolving Environmental and Grid Reliability Conflicts Act of 2012

cost estimate

July 3, 2012

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Effects of Federal Tax Credits for the Purchase of Electric Vehicles

Sep 2012 - CBO’s report assesses how the credits affect the relative cost of owning an electric vehicle, and how cost-effectively the credits reduce gasoline consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

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H.R. 4043, Military Readiness and Southern Sea Otter Conservation Act.

cost estimate

June 29, 2012

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